Basic Cybersecurity Concepts

1. What is 'malware'?

• A. Software designed to harm or exploit computer systems ✓
• B. A type of hardware
• C. A type of internet browser
• D. A type of app store

💡 'Malware' is a broad term for software specifically designed to harm, disrupt, or exploit computer systems.

2. What is 'phishing'?

• A. A scam attempting to trick people into revealing personal information ✓
• B. A type of computer hardware
• C. A type of internet connection
• D. A type of software update

💡 Phishing is a scam that uses deceptive messages or websites to trick people into revealing personal information.

3. What does a 'password' protect?

• A. Access to an account or device ✓
• B. The speed of a device
• C. The battery life
• D. The screen brightness

💡 A password protects access to an account or device, verifying that only authorized users can enter.

4. What does 'cybercrime' refer to?

• A. Illegal activities carried out using computers or the internet ✓
• B. Legal computer repair services
• C. Building websites
• D. Writing software

💡 Cybercrime refers to illegal activities that are conducted using computers, networks, or the internet.

5. What is a 'hacker'?

• A. Someone who gains unauthorized access to computer systems ✓
• B. A computer repair technician
• C. A software salesperson
• D. A network cable installer

💡 A hacker is someone who seeks unauthorized access to computer systems, though the term can also describe skilled programmers more broadly.

6. What does 'antivirus software' do?

• A. Detects and removes malicious software from a computer ✓
• B. Increases internet speed
• C. Charges a device
• D. Connects to Wi-Fi

💡 Antivirus software scans for, detects, and removes malicious software from a computer.

7. What is a 'strong password'?

• A. A password that is long, complex, and hard to guess ✓
• B. A short, simple password
• C. A password using only numbers
• D. A password that is the same as your username

💡 A strong password is long, complex, and difficult for others or automated tools to guess.

8. What does 'encryption' do to data?

• A. Converts it into a coded format to prevent unauthorized access ✓
• B. Deletes it permanently
• C. Compresses it
• D. Duplicates it

💡 Encryption converts readable data into a coded format, protecting it from being read by unauthorized parties.

9. What does 'cybersecurity' refer to?

• A. Protecting computer systems and data from digital attacks ✓
• B. Building computer hardware
• C. Writing computer programs
• D. Repairing computers

💡 Cybersecurity refers to the practice of protecting computer systems, networks, and data from digital attacks.

10. What is 'identity theft'?

• A. Illegally using someone else's personal information for fraud ✓
• B. Legally changing your name
• C. Creating a new email account
• D. Updating your software

💡 Identity theft occurs when someone illegally uses another person's personal information, typically for financial fraud.

11. What does 'spam' typically refer to in cybersecurity?

• A. Unwanted or unsolicited digital messages, often used for scams ✓
• B. A type of hardware
• C. A type of internet browser
• D. A type of encryption

💡 'Spam' refers to unwanted, often unsolicited bulk messages, which are sometimes used to spread scams or malware.

12. What does a 'firewall' do?

• A. Monitors and blocks unauthorized network access ✓
• B. Increases internet speed
• C. Charges a device
• D. Stores files

💡 A firewall monitors network traffic and blocks unauthorized access based on security rules.

13. What is a 'virus' in computing?

• A. Malicious software that can damage or disrupt a computer ✓
• B. A type of hardware
• C. A type of internet connection
• D. A type of email

💡 A computer virus is malicious software that can damage, disrupt, or spread across computer systems.

14. What is a 'scam'?

• A. A dishonest scheme to deceive people, typically for financial gain ✓
• B. A type of hardware
• C. A type of software update
• D. A type of internet connection

💡 A scam is a dishonest scheme intended to deceive victims, typically for financial gain.

15. What does 'two-factor authentication' add to login security?

• A. An additional verification step beyond just a password ✓
• B. A faster login process only
• C. A type of encryption algorithm only
• D. A type of firewall

💡 Two-factor authentication adds a second verification step beyond just a password, strengthening account security.