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Advanced Islamiat — companions of Prophet, battles, treaties and Islamic governance.
1. Egypt was conquered by Muslims under whose leadership?
💡 Amr ibn al-As led the Muslim conquest of Egypt in 641 CE establishing Muslim rule in North Africa.
2. Spain (Al-Andalus) was conquered by Muslims in which year?
💡 Muslim forces under Tariq ibn Ziyad crossed into Spain in 711 CE beginning Muslim rule of Al-Andalus.
3. The Ottoman Caliphate officially ended in which year?
💡 The Ottoman Caliphate was officially abolished by the Turkish Grand National Assembly on 3 March 1924.
4. Who was Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) father?
💡 Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) full name was Abdullah ibn Uthman ibn Amir — his father was Abu Quhafa.
5. Who was the commander at the Battle of Yarmuk (636 CE) — a decisive Muslim victory?
💡 Khalid ibn al-Walid commanded the Muslim forces at the Battle of Yarmuk defeating the Byzantine army.
6. The Mongols sacked Baghdad ending the Abbasid Caliphate in?
💡 The Mongol forces under Hulagu Khan sacked Baghdad in 1258 CE ending the Abbasid Caliphate.
7. The Golden Age of Islam is generally associated with which caliphate?
💡 The Abbasid Caliphate (750-1258 CE) is known as the Islamic Golden Age — a period of major scientific and cultural achievements.
8. The First Crusade began in which year?
💡 The First Crusade was called by Pope Urban II in 1095 CE — Crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099 CE.
9. The Umayyad Caliphate was founded by?
💡 Muawiyah I ibn Abi Sufyan founded the Umayyad Caliphate in 661 CE with capital in Damascus.
10. Sultan Salahuddin Ayyubi recaptured Jerusalem from the Crusaders in?
💡 Salahuddin Ayyubi (Saladin) recaptured Jerusalem on 2 October 1187 CE after the Battle of Hattin.
11. The ten companions promised paradise (Ashra Mubashara) — who are NOT in this list?
💡 Hazrat Bilal (RA) is not among the Ashra Mubashara. The ten are the four Caliphs plus Talha, Zubayr, Abd al-Rahman, Abu Ubayda, Saad ibn Abi Waqqas and Said ibn Zayd.
12. The Abbasid Caliphate replaced the Umayyads in?
💡 The Abbasid Caliphate overthrew the Umayyads in 750 CE and moved the capital from Damascus to Baghdad.
13. Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab founded which reform movement?
💡 Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (1703-1792) founded the Wahhabi reform movement in Arabia.
14. The Ridda Wars (Wars of Apostasy) were fought during whose caliphate?
💡 The Ridda Wars were fought during Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) caliphate against tribes who refused to pay Zakat or apostatized.
15. Who was called Saif-ullah (Sword of Allah)?
💡 Khalid ibn al-Walid was given the title Saif-ullah (Sword of Allah) by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
16. Hazrat Uthman ibn Affan (RA) was married to two daughters of Prophet PBUH — their names were?
💡 Hazrat Uthman (RA) was nicknamed Dhul Nurayn (Possessor of Two Lights) for marrying Ruqayyah and Umm Kulthum.
17. Hazrat Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA) was the cousin of Prophet PBUH and married which daughter?
💡 Hazrat Ali (RA) married Hazrat Fatima al-Zahra (RA) — the beloved daughter of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
18. Imam Husayn ibn Ali (RA) was martyred at Karbala in which year AH?
💡 Imam Husayn ibn Ali (RA) was martyred at Karbala on 10 Muharram 61 AH (October 680 CE).
19. The Battle of Nahrawan took place during whose caliphate?
💡 The Battle of Nahrawan was fought in 658 CE during Hazrat Ali (RA) caliphate against the Kharijites.
20. Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA) was the Caliph for how many years?
💡 Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA) served as Caliph for approximately 10 years (634-644 CE).