Cybersecurity Fundamentals

1. What is the main purpose of cybersecurity?

• A. To make computers faster
• B. To protect digital information and systems from unauthorized access and damage ✓
• C. To improve internet speed
• D. To design better websites

💡 The core goal of cybersecurity is protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information and systems from threats.

2. What does "cybersecurity" protect?

• A. Only physical computers
• B. Only mobile phones
• C. Computer systems, networks, and data from digital attacks and unauthorized access ✓
• D. Only company data

💡 Cybersecurity protects all digital assets — systems, networks, programs, and data — from attack, damage, or unauthorized access.

3. What is a "firewall"?

• A. A physical wall of fire
• B. A security system monitoring and controlling incoming and outgoing network traffic ✓
• C. A type of antivirus
• D. A type of password

💡 A firewall is a network security device that monitors traffic and blocks unauthorized access while allowing legitimate communications.

4. What is "hacking"?

• A. Repairing computers
• B. Gaining unauthorized access to computer systems or networks ✓
• C. A type of programming
• D. Designing websites

💡 Hacking is unauthorized access to computer systems or networks, exploiting vulnerabilities to steal data or cause damage.

5. What does "incognito mode" in a browser do?

• A. Makes you completely invisible online
• B. Prevents your browsing history from being saved locally on the device ✓
• C. Encrypts all your traffic
• D. Blocks all tracking completely

💡 Incognito/private mode does not save browsing history, cookies, or form data locally — but your ISP and websites can still see your activity.

6. What is "cookie" in web browsing?

• A. A sweet treat
• B. A small file stored in your browser to remember your preferences and session data ✓
• C. A type of malware
• D. A type of encryption

💡 Cookies are small text files websites store in your browser to remember login sessions, preferences, and track browsing behaviour.

7. What is a "security patch"?

• A. A physical repair
• B. A software update that fixes security vulnerabilities in a program ✓
• C. A type of antivirus
• D. A network cable

💡 A security patch is a software update specifically designed to fix known security vulnerabilities before attackers can exploit them.

8. What should you do immediately if you think your account has been hacked?

• A. Wait and see
• B. Tell no one
• C. Change your password immediately and enable 2FA ✓
• D. Delete the account

💡 If you suspect a hack, immediately change your password, enable 2FA, and review recent account activity for unauthorized actions.

9. What is "multi-factor authentication"?

• A. Having multiple passwords
• B. Using several forms of verification to confirm identity before granting access ✓
• C. Logging into multiple accounts
• D. A type of encryption

💡 MFA requires multiple proofs of identity (password + SMS code + fingerprint) making accounts significantly harder to compromise.

10. What does "VPN" stand for?

• A. Virtual Protected Network
• B. Very Private Node
• C. Verified Protocol Network
• D. Virtual Private Network ✓

💡 A VPN (Virtual Private Network) encrypts your internet connection and hides your IP address, improving privacy and security.