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Science Fundamentals

Core scientific concepts every curious mind should know. 56 questions across biology, chemistry and physics — test yourself for free on QuizVortex!

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1. What is the powerhouse of the cell?

  • A. Nucleus
  • B. Ribosome
  • C. Mitochondria ✓
  • D. Golgi apparatus

💡 The mitochondria produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of the cell.

2. What is the half-life of Carbon-14?

  • A. About 570 years
  • B. About 5,730 years ✓
  • C. About 57,300 years
  • D. About 573 years

💡 Carbon-14 has a half-life of approximately 5,730 years, making it useful for radiocarbon dating.

3. Which planet is known as the Red Planet?

  • A. Jupiter
  • B. Venus
  • C. Mars ✓
  • D. Saturn

💡 Mars appears red due to iron oxide (rust) on its surface.

4. What is the most abundant element in the universe?

  • A. Oxygen
  • B. Carbon
  • C. Helium
  • D. Hydrogen ✓

💡 Hydrogen makes up about 75% of all normal matter in the universe.

5. DNA stands for:

  • A. Deoxyribonucleic Acid ✓
  • B. Dioxyribonucleic Acid
  • C. Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
  • D. Dynamic Nucleic Acid

💡 DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid, the molecule that carries genetic information.

6. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

  • A. 299,792 km/s ✓
  • B. 199,792 km/s
  • C. 399,792 km/s
  • D. 150,000 km/s

💡 The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 299,792 km/s (299,792,458 m/s).

7. Which gas is most abundant in Earth's atmosphere?

  • A. Oxygen
  • B. Carbon Dioxide
  • C. Nitrogen ✓
  • D. Argon

💡 Nitrogen makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere, followed by oxygen at 21%.

8. What is Newton's First Law of Motion?

  • A. F = ma
  • B. An object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a force ✓
  • C. Every action has an equal and opposite reaction
  • D. Energy cannot be created or destroyed

💡 Newton's First Law, also called the law of inertia, states that objects maintain their state of motion unless a net external force acts upon them.

9. What is the atomic number of Carbon?

  • A. 4
  • B. 6 ✓
  • C. 8
  • D. 12

💡 Carbon has atomic number 6, meaning it has 6 protons in its nucleus.

10. What is the chemical formula for water?

  • A. HO
  • B. H2O ✓
  • C. H3O
  • D. OH

💡 Water consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, giving the formula H₂O.

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